What is the molecular formula for methane?

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Prepare for the IGCSE Organic Chemistry Exam. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question has hints and explanations to ensure you understand the core concepts. Get ready for your test with confidence!

Multiple Choice

What is the molecular formula for methane?

Explanation:
Determining the molecular formula of a simple alkane from its carbon count. Methane is the first member of the alkane family, having one carbon atom. Alkanes follow the formula CnH2n+2, so with n = 1 the hydrogen count is 2(1) + 2 = 4, giving CH4. This also fits the idea that carbon forms four covalent bonds, so one carbon bonded to four hydrogens completes the molecule. The other common alkanes have more carbons (ethane with two carbons and six hydrogens, propane with three and eight, butane with four and ten), which is why their formulas differ. Therefore, the molecular formula for methane is CH4.

Determining the molecular formula of a simple alkane from its carbon count. Methane is the first member of the alkane family, having one carbon atom. Alkanes follow the formula CnH2n+2, so with n = 1 the hydrogen count is 2(1) + 2 = 4, giving CH4. This also fits the idea that carbon forms four covalent bonds, so one carbon bonded to four hydrogens completes the molecule. The other common alkanes have more carbons (ethane with two carbons and six hydrogens, propane with three and eight, butane with four and ten), which is why their formulas differ. Therefore, the molecular formula for methane is CH4.

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